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THRISSUR (TRICHUR)
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THRISSUR- AT A GLANCE
The term Thrissur is the abbreviated anglicised from of the Malayalam word "Thrissivaperur" which means the town of the 'Sacred Siva'. The town is built on an elevated ground, at the apex of which is the famous 'Vadakkumnathan Temple'. A place of great antiquity, Thrissur was also known as 'Vrishabhadripuram' and 'Ten Kailasam' in ancient days.
A BRIEF HISTORY
Trichur occupies a prominent place in the history and culture of Kerala and is said to be the Cultural Capital of the State. It is also one of the main trade centers in the state.The present Trichur District was carved out of a bigger District of the same name on 1st April, 1958. It derives its name from the location of its headquarters at Trichur .
The name Trichur derives from 'Thrishivaperur' or the place with 'Lord Shiva's name'.The town is thus built around a hillock atop which is the Vadakkumnathan Kshetram or temple which has Shiva as the presiding deity. Aadi Sankara is supposed to have spent his last days in this temple; a shrine dedicated to him lends credence to this belief.
Trichur rose in importance due, it is believed, to Raja Rama Varma, popularly known as `Sakthan Thampuran' who ascended the throne of Kochi in 1790. Large areas of Trichur were captured by the Zamorins of Kozhikode in the 14th and 15th centuries. Later, in the latter half of the 18th centuries, Tipu Sultan held sway over Trichur until the European domination began under the Portugese, the Dutch, and the English.
Long ago, the vast open area around the temple was a magnificent teak forest called Thekkinkadu. Today, the forest has given way to one of the most important examples of Kerala's architecture which often does away with the imposing `gopurams' of South Indian temples.This temple features low, tiled roofs, an abundance of woodwork, and the famous `koothambalam' or theatre hall with sloping roofs of metal plates within which is performed the dramatic art form `chakiar koothu' . The Vadakkumnathan temple is also well-known for its murals depicting scenes from The Mahabharatha as well as exquisite paintings and carvings.
South East corner of the district is bounded by Tamil Nadu.The Periyar, The Chalakudy, The Karuvannur and Ponnani (Bharatha Puzha) are the main river systems in the district.
A place of great antiquity, Trichur was also known by such names as 'Vrishabhadripuram' and ‘Ten Kailasm’ in ancient days. The famous Kerala Kalamandiram,Cheruthuruthi, founded by the late poet Vallathol Narayana Menon, is in Trichur District. The Kerala Sahitya Academy and Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka are situated in Trichur town.
The name Trichur derives from 'Thrishivaperur' or the place with 'Lord Shiva's name'.The town is thus built around a hillock atop which is the Vadakkumnathan Kshetram or temple which has Shiva as the presiding deity. Aadi Sankara is supposed to have spent his last days in this temple; a shrine dedicated to him lends credence to this belief.
Trichur rose in importance due, it is believed, to Raja Rama Varma, popularly known as `Sakthan Thampuran' who ascended the throne of Kochi in 1790. Large areas of Trichur were captured by the Zamorins of Kozhikode in the 14th and 15th centuries. Later, in the latter half of the 18th centuries, Tipu Sultan held sway over Trichur until the European domination began under the Portugese, the Dutch, and the English.
Long ago, the vast open area around the temple was a magnificent teak forest called Thekkinkadu. Today, the forest has given way to one of the most important examples of Kerala's architecture which often does away with the imposing `gopurams' of South Indian temples.This temple features low, tiled roofs, an abundance of woodwork, and the famous `koothambalam' or theatre hall with sloping roofs of metal plates within which is performed the dramatic art form `chakiar koothu' . The Vadakkumnathan temple is also well-known for its murals depicting scenes from The Mahabharatha as well as exquisite paintings and carvings.
South East corner of the district is bounded by Tamil Nadu.The Periyar, The Chalakudy, The Karuvannur and Ponnani (Bharatha Puzha) are the main river systems in the district.
A place of great antiquity, Trichur was also known by such names as 'Vrishabhadripuram' and ‘Ten Kailasm’ in ancient days. The famous Kerala Kalamandiram,Cheruthuruthi, founded by the late poet Vallathol Narayana Menon, is in Trichur District. The Kerala Sahitya Academy and Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka are situated in Trichur town.
Physiography
The District lies between 10 0 -10-46’ North latitudes and 75 degree 55’ East longitudes. It is bounded on the north by Palghat and Malappuram Districts, on the east by Palghat and Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu, on the south by Idukki and Ernakulam Districts and on the west by Arabian sea. Trichur District has a total geographical area of 3032 Sq.km and ranks seventh in the state in respect of area.
TrichurThe two longest rivers of the state, namely, Bharathapuzha and Periyar flow through the district on its northern and southern sides respectively. The other rivers of the district are Chalakudy (144 km.)and Karuvannur (48 km.). Sholayar and Peringalkuthu Hydro-Electric projects are located in the basin of Chalakudy river.The rivers Parambikulam,Sholayar,Karapara and Anakkayam are the tributaries of the Chalakudy river. Karuvannur River is formed by the confluence of two rivers, namely, Manaly and Kurumaly. Gayathri is the important tributary of the Bharathapuzha.
Heavy rainfall,warm humid atmosphere and almost uniform temperature throughout the year are climatic features of the district.The north-east monsoon in the months of October-November is scanty and insufficient. There are four seasons –dry weather from March to May, southwest monsoon from June to September and northeast monsoon from October to November.
The District received an annual rainfall of 3500 mm. The average daily maximum temperature in March and April, which are generally the hottest months, is about 31 degree C to 32 degree C in the Coastal regions and about 36 Degree C to 37 degree C in the interior.
The District has a Coastline of about 53 KMs. It is unbroken and without any indentation to provide any natural harbor facility except for the two outlets from backwaters to the sea Kodungallur and Chettuwai.
The soils of Trichur and Talappilly Taluks are mostly laterite, excellent bricks for construction purposes. Forest soils is confined to the eastern region comprising of Thalappilly, Mukundapuram and Trichur taluks. In the backwater areas, due to sedimentation of soil and organic materials, soil is extremely fertile and of loamy type. Here summer paddy ('Kol' paddy fields) is grown.
Ordinary clay suitable for the manufacture of bricks and tiles is found in several parts of the District,viz. Ollur,Pudukkad,Karuvannur and Wadakkanchery.China clay is noticed at Kizhupullikara near Trichur.
The total area under forest comes to 1036.19. Km.and are reserved. The forests of Trichur District are under the administrative control of the Trichur and Chalakudy Divisional Forest Officers.The area is spread over Mukundapuram,Trichur and Thalappilly taluks. The main forest products are teak wood, rosewood, eucalyptus, irul, softwood, bamboo etc.
TrichurThe two longest rivers of the state, namely, Bharathapuzha and Periyar flow through the district on its northern and southern sides respectively. The other rivers of the district are Chalakudy (144 km.)and Karuvannur (48 km.). Sholayar and Peringalkuthu Hydro-Electric projects are located in the basin of Chalakudy river.The rivers Parambikulam,Sholayar,Karapara and Anakkayam are the tributaries of the Chalakudy river. Karuvannur River is formed by the confluence of two rivers, namely, Manaly and Kurumaly. Gayathri is the important tributary of the Bharathapuzha.
Heavy rainfall,warm humid atmosphere and almost uniform temperature throughout the year are climatic features of the district.The north-east monsoon in the months of October-November is scanty and insufficient. There are four seasons –dry weather from March to May, southwest monsoon from June to September and northeast monsoon from October to November.
The District received an annual rainfall of 3500 mm. The average daily maximum temperature in March and April, which are generally the hottest months, is about 31 degree C to 32 degree C in the Coastal regions and about 36 Degree C to 37 degree C in the interior.
The District has a Coastline of about 53 KMs. It is unbroken and without any indentation to provide any natural harbor facility except for the two outlets from backwaters to the sea Kodungallur and Chettuwai.
The soils of Trichur and Talappilly Taluks are mostly laterite, excellent bricks for construction purposes. Forest soils is confined to the eastern region comprising of Thalappilly, Mukundapuram and Trichur taluks. In the backwater areas, due to sedimentation of soil and organic materials, soil is extremely fertile and of loamy type. Here summer paddy ('Kol' paddy fields) is grown.
Ordinary clay suitable for the manufacture of bricks and tiles is found in several parts of the District,viz. Ollur,Pudukkad,Karuvannur and Wadakkanchery.China clay is noticed at Kizhupullikara near Trichur.
The total area under forest comes to 1036.19. Km.and are reserved. The forests of Trichur District are under the administrative control of the Trichur and Chalakudy Divisional Forest Officers.The area is spread over Mukundapuram,Trichur and Thalappilly taluks. The main forest products are teak wood, rosewood, eucalyptus, irul, softwood, bamboo etc.
Languages and Dialects
About 96% of the people of the District speak Malayalam as their mothertongue. Only 2.5% of the people speak Tamil as their mothertongue. A negligible percentage of the population of Kodungallur and Mukundapuram taluks speak Konkani.
As in the case of all other languages, there is some difference between the colloquial languages and the written dialect in Malayalam also. Though there is difference in the dialects spoken by the various sections and classes of the society , the fundamental unity of the Malayalam languages is not affected in any way.The dialects spoken by the more primitive of the hill tribes differ considerably from Malayalam, but they hardly deserve to be regarded as separate languages.
As in the case of all other languages, there is some difference between the colloquial languages and the written dialect in Malayalam also. Though there is difference in the dialects spoken by the various sections and classes of the society , the fundamental unity of the Malayalam languages is not affected in any way.The dialects spoken by the more primitive of the hill tribes differ considerably from Malayalam, but they hardly deserve to be regarded as separate languages.
FAIR & FESTIVALS
Pooram
In Kerala life is a celebration. The festivals are cultural events which bring together people from all walks of life, all castes and creeds. These are perhaps the only occasions when one gets to watch the wealth of classical and folkarts of the land which are otherwise fast being relegated to memory.
Since the word pooram literally means a group or a meeting, it was believed that every year the dynastic Gods and Goddesses of neighboring provinces met together for a day of celebrations. Thrissur Pooram, the Pooram of all Poorams, the most spectacular festival of this cultural capital celebrated at Vadakkumnathan Temple every year during April-May. Though non-Hindus are not allowed inside the temple, Kerala’s pooram grandest temple pageantry, which includes colourful processions of caparisoned elephants and a midnight fireworks display, parasol exchanges, drum concerts can be witnessed from the crowded streets of Trichur pooram.
Trichur Pooram, the mother of all temple festivals in the state, is essentially one of spectacles. The two devaswams- Thiruvampadi and Paramekkavu- explore and exploit every source at their command to make this annual festival a memorable one.It is celebrated with a colourful procession of caparisoned elephants, parasol exchanges, drum concerts, display of pyro-techniques and refreshing scenes of public participation .During the festival season, Trichur, popularly known as the temple town turns into a town of colour, music and mirth. The Pooram programmes extending about 36 hours begins with the ezhunellippu of the Kanimangalam Shasta in the morning followed by the ezhunnellippu of the other six minor temples on the Pooram Day. The ezhunnellippu programme which is considered to be a ritual symbolising the visit of the Devi from the Paramekkavu and Thiruvambadi temples to the Vadakkunnathan temple. A major event of the Pooram festival is the Panchavadyam in which ab out 200 artistes from the discipl ines of Thimila, Maddalam, Trumpet, Cymbal and Edakka participate. Another major event of the pooram begins with the setting off of the ‘Pandi melam’ at noon in which about 200 artistes in the disciplines of drum, trumpets, pipe and cymbal participate. The grand finale of this festival of colour, music and fire works would be marked with a function of bidding farewell to the deities of the Thiruvambadi and Paramekkavu Devaswams in front of the Western Gate of the Vadakkunnathan Temple.
A noteworthy feature of the pooram festival is the participation of a cross section of people and elephants. The pachyderms emerge out in all their regalia with newly fabricated caparisons. They make their way through the milling crowds drawn from all religions, castes and creed to the accompaniment of ecstatic percussion ensembles. The exhibition of the paraphernalia of elephant decorative, commonly known as ‘Aana Chamayal pradarsanam’, the spectacular show of ‘Kudamattom’ in which parasols of myriad numbers, designs and colours are exchanged by the people atop the elephants.
The Pooram festival is concluded with a spectacular fire works display, which is held in the wee hours of the day after the Pooram. The Thiruvambadi and Paramekkavu Devaswams present many innovative patterns and varieties of fire works which make spectators going into raptures. This famous and mighty display of the magnificent display of fireworks add to the popularity of the Pooram festival.
Since the word pooram literally means a group or a meeting, it was believed that every year the dynastic Gods and Goddesses of neighboring provinces met together for a day of celebrations. Thrissur Pooram, the Pooram of all Poorams, the most spectacular festival of this cultural capital celebrated at Vadakkumnathan Temple every year during April-May. Though non-Hindus are not allowed inside the temple, Kerala’s pooram grandest temple pageantry, which includes colourful processions of caparisoned elephants and a midnight fireworks display, parasol exchanges, drum concerts can be witnessed from the crowded streets of Trichur pooram.
Trichur Pooram, the mother of all temple festivals in the state, is essentially one of spectacles. The two devaswams- Thiruvampadi and Paramekkavu- explore and exploit every source at their command to make this annual festival a memorable one.It is celebrated with a colourful procession of caparisoned elephants, parasol exchanges, drum concerts, display of pyro-techniques and refreshing scenes of public participation .During the festival season, Trichur, popularly known as the temple town turns into a town of colour, music and mirth. The Pooram programmes extending about 36 hours begins with the ezhunellippu of the Kanimangalam Shasta in the morning followed by the ezhunnellippu of the other six minor temples on the Pooram Day. The ezhunnellippu programme which is considered to be a ritual symbolising the visit of the Devi from the Paramekkavu and Thiruvambadi temples to the Vadakkunnathan temple. A major event of the Pooram festival is the Panchavadyam in which ab out 200 artistes from the discipl ines of Thimila, Maddalam, Trumpet, Cymbal and Edakka participate. Another major event of the pooram begins with the setting off of the ‘Pandi melam’ at noon in which about 200 artistes in the disciplines of drum, trumpets, pipe and cymbal participate. The grand finale of this festival of colour, music and fire works would be marked with a function of bidding farewell to the deities of the Thiruvambadi and Paramekkavu Devaswams in front of the Western Gate of the Vadakkunnathan Temple.
A noteworthy feature of the pooram festival is the participation of a cross section of people and elephants. The pachyderms emerge out in all their regalia with newly fabricated caparisons. They make their way through the milling crowds drawn from all religions, castes and creed to the accompaniment of ecstatic percussion ensembles. The exhibition of the paraphernalia of elephant decorative, commonly known as ‘Aana Chamayal pradarsanam’, the spectacular show of ‘Kudamattom’ in which parasols of myriad numbers, designs and colours are exchanged by the people atop the elephants.
The Pooram festival is concluded with a spectacular fire works display, which is held in the wee hours of the day after the Pooram. The Thiruvambadi and Paramekkavu Devaswams present many innovative patterns and varieties of fire works which make spectators going into raptures. This famous and mighty display of the magnificent display of fireworks add to the popularity of the Pooram festival.
Vedikkettu
The most striking feature of the Trichur Pooram is its very secular nature. The Muslim and Christian Communities actively take part in it and they play a very prominent role in the very conduct of the festival. Most of the pandals are the craft work of the experts from the Muslim community. For the two days of the festival, the CMS High School owned by the North Kerala Diocese of CST Church and located on the western part of the Swaraj Round, becomes virtually the Headquarters of the Thiruvampadi Devaswam. The temple elephants are tied in the school compound. The ‘Aana Chamaya pradarsanam’ is also held here. The parasols for the ‘Kudamattom’ are offered by the churches and their members. At a time when the secular fabric of the Indian Society is slowly disintegrating, one can not be myopic to the relevance of Trichur Pooram, the conduct of which should become worthy of emulation to other festivals in the country.
Bharani festival in Kodungallur Bhagavathy Temple
Kodungallur ,the ancient capital of Kerala , had been a known maritime port of India .The Bhagawati temple at Kodungallur is of great renown throughout the state of Kerala. Kodungallur situated on the west coast, was once a great port of the Chera rulers of Tamilnadu, It was known by the Greek as the musris.
The Bharani festival at the Kodungallur Bhagawati temple is one of the grandest in Kerala. It is a month of festivities from the Bharani asterism in the month of Aquarius to 7 days after the Bharani asterism in the month of Pisces. Traditionally the temple (especially during the Bharani festival) has been associated with a lot of animal sacrifices. These customs have been done away with in the 20th century. The blood of the sacrificed used to be spilled over two stones in the prakaram, and as mentioned above, this practice is now stopped.The Bharani festival also witnesses the offering of worship to the deity in the innermost sanctum by those belonging to castes other than the priestly class. One day before the final Bharani, the chandanapodi Chartal or the smearing of the image with sandal paste is carried out. There are further festivities on this day and the following day. Thousands from all over Kerala congregate to celebrate this festival amidst great pageantry.
The Bharani festival at the Kodungallur Bhagawati temple is one of the grandest in Kerala. It is a month of festivities from the Bharani asterism in the month of Aquarius to 7 days after the Bharani asterism in the month of Pisces. Traditionally the temple (especially during the Bharani festival) has been associated with a lot of animal sacrifices. These customs have been done away with in the 20th century. The blood of the sacrificed used to be spilled over two stones in the prakaram, and as mentioned above, this practice is now stopped.The Bharani festival also witnesses the offering of worship to the deity in the innermost sanctum by those belonging to castes other than the priestly class. One day before the final Bharani, the chandanapodi Chartal or the smearing of the image with sandal paste is carried out. There are further festivities on this day and the following day. Thousands from all over Kerala congregate to celebrate this festival amidst great pageantry.
Makara Sankaranti
Makara Sankaranti coinciding with Pongal in Tamilnadu is one of the important festivals at Kodungallur. As in Taminadu, the day prior to Pongal is celebrated with the burning of unwanted belongings in a bonfire.
Makara Sankranti brings with it 4 days of colorful fanfare, with processions twice a day on elephants to the accompaniment of music, fireworks. The final day's procession is marked by the accompaniment of several women carrying plates of rice and coconut. In fact, the centermost entity in the procession, is a plate containing these offerings, on an elephant. A grand reception offered to this procession when it reaches the temple. The procession relives from the original location of the Bhagawati temple, (the Kurumbayamma shrine in Kodungallur).
Makara Sankranti brings with it 4 days of colorful fanfare, with processions twice a day on elephants to the accompaniment of music, fireworks. The final day's procession is marked by the accompaniment of several women carrying plates of rice and coconut. In fact, the centermost entity in the procession, is a plate containing these offerings, on an elephant. A grand reception offered to this procession when it reaches the temple. The procession relives from the original location of the Bhagawati temple, (the Kurumbayamma shrine in Kodungallur).
Pooram Festival
The annual Pooram festival held in April/ May , is one of the biggest in the south. It include fireworks, colourful processions and brightly decorated elephants. This festval was first introdused by Sakthan Thamburan, the maharaja of the former state of Kochi.
Machattu Mamangam
Situated near Wadakkanchery the place called Machadu,Thiruvanikavu Temple also known as Machattu Vela celebrated in February with great prestigious and splendor on the last day of the 5day annual festival at Thiruvanikavu Temple. Devotees bring richly decorated Poykuthiras (Horses) in ceremonial processions as offering to the deity.
Kodungallur Thalapoli Festival
The Thalapoli festival of the famous Kodungallur Bhagavathi Temple is held in December – January every year
Feast & Fairs of Palayur Church
The Catholic Syrian Church of Palayur is one of the seven churches founded by St.Thomas. The feast falls on July 15 and many pilgrims from different parts of India visit the church.
PILGRIM CENTRES
Aarattupuzha Temple, Aarattupuzha
This temple, dedicated to Lord Ayyappa is located 14 Kms from Trichur. The annual festival, lasting seven days is known as Aarattupuzha Pooram. On the fifth day, the Thidampu is taken out in procession on elephant - back, accompanied by eight elephants and drummers. The sixth day of the festival is marked by the grand Pooram, when 61 elephants line - up in the temple grounds providing a spectacular sight. The festival concludes with Aarattu ( Holy bath).
Avittathur Siva Temple, Avittathur
This majestic temple is thousand - year old. Dedicated to Lord Siva, this temple is just 4 kms from Irinjalakuda. The outer wall of the temple shrine has beautiful paintings depicting scenes from the epics. The wood carvings on the ceilings are classic examples of Kerala woodcraft. The annual festival, Utsavam lasts 10 days and it is celebrated in splendour. Devotees throng the temple in thousands during the festival. The Thidampu Ezhunnallathu (Royal outing of the deity) is the most important feature of the festival. Ezhunnallathu is on the 9th day and the festival concludes on the 10th day with the Aarattu. The cultural fare includes music concerts and several other performances of art.
Cheraman Juma Masjid , Kodungallur
This mosque resembles a Hindu temple in appearance and located 2 km from Kodungalloor town. Built in 629 AD, this is the first mosque in India and the second in the world where Juma prayers were started. People from far and near irrespective of caste and creed visit this holy place and pay their homage . Ramsan and Bhakrid are celebrated here on a grand scale.
Divine Retreat Centre
It is a very big Christian Retreat Centre located at Muringoor and Potta, near Chalakudy, on the Kochi - Thrissur route. People from all over the country and even from other countries come here to attend the retreat, which is held every week, starting from Sunday to Saturday. Large number of people from different religions, irrespective of Caste and creed come over here.
Irinjalakuda (Pilgrim Centre)
21 kms from Thrissur, at Irinjalakuda is a temple of Bharatha, probably the only temple in India dedicated to the brother of Lord Rama in Ramayana.
Kodungalloor Sree Kurumba Bhagavathi Temple
This is a very famous temple. Goddess Bhagavathi is the presiding deity. The idol of Bhagawati is huge with eight hands, wielding weapons. Besides the presiding deity, there are many other deities installed in various parts of this sprawling temple complex. Of the two main festivals, Thalapoli and Bharani, the latter is the most important one. Thalapoli is a colourful festival that lasts four days. On all the four days, Ezunnallathu with 9 elephants is held in the evening. The Bharani festival attracts the largest congregation of Oracles (Velichappadu), both men and women, from all over the state. Dressed in yellow and smeared in turmeric powder with their bell - studded waist belts and swords, they create an eerie atmosphere, totally out of this world. These oracles get into a frenzy and cut their forehead to offer blood to the deity. Cultural performances are a part of the festival
Koodalmanikyam Temple, Irinjalakuda
Kodungallur ,the ancient capital of Kerala , had been a known maritime port of India .The Bhagawati temple at Kodungallur is of great renown throughout the state of Kerala. Kodungallur situated on the west coast, was once a great port of the Chera rulers of Tamilnadu, It was known by the Greek as the musris.
The Bharani festival at the Kodungallur Bhagawati temple is one of the grandest in Kerala. It is a month of festivities from the Bharani asterism in the month of Aquarius to 7 days after the Bharani asterism in the month of Pisces. Traditionally the temple (especially during the Bharani festival) has been associated with a lot of animal sacrifices. These customs have been done away with in the 20th century. The blood of the sacrificed used to be spilled over two stones in the prakaram, and as mentioned above, this practice is now stopped.The Bharani festival also witnesses the offering of worship to the deity in the innermost sanctum by those belonging to castes other than the priestly class. One day before the final Bharani, the chandanapodi Chartal or the smearing of the image with sandal paste is carried out. There are further festivities on this day and the following day. Thousands from all over Kerala congregate to celebrate this festival amidst great pageantry.
The Bharani festival at the Kodungallur Bhagawati temple is one of the grandest in Kerala. It is a month of festivities from the Bharani asterism in the month of Aquarius to 7 days after the Bharani asterism in the month of Pisces. Traditionally the temple (especially during the Bharani festival) has been associated with a lot of animal sacrifices. These customs have been done away with in the 20th century. The blood of the sacrificed used to be spilled over two stones in the prakaram, and as mentioned above, this practice is now stopped.The Bharani festival also witnesses the offering of worship to the deity in the innermost sanctum by those belonging to castes other than the priestly class. One day before the final Bharani, the chandanapodi Chartal or the smearing of the image with sandal paste is carried out. There are further festivities on this day and the following day. Thousands from all over Kerala congregate to celebrate this festival amidst great pageantry.
Koorkancherry Sree Maheswara Temple, Koorkancherry
The presiding deity of this temple, located 2 kms from Trichur, is Lord Siva. The Siva idol at this temple was installed by Sree Narayana Guru, the famous religious & social reformer.The festival of this temple is known as " Thypooya Maholsavam" and the celebrations last for seven days. The main attraction of the festival is the colourful performance of "Kavadiyattam". On the last day of the celebration, the 'Kavadiyattam procession starts in the morning, with ten sets of 'Kavadis', each set comprising 30 'Ambalakavadis' and 60 Pookavadis'. Ambalakavadi is a decorated model of the temple. Pookavadi is bow-shaped and the performer carrying the kavadi dances to the rhythm of music.
Peruvanam Mahadeva Temple, Peruvanam
This temple, dedicated to Lord Siva, is 12 kms away from Trichur. Sprawling over a large area, this temple is a classic example of Kerala temple architecture. The Sanctum Sanctorum attracts special attention for its intricate carvings. The other building, Nalambalam, is adorned by thousands of oil lamps that are lit during the festival. The annual festival of the temple is celebrated only for a day. Villagers throng the temple in enthusiasm. By evening, elephant processions from neighboring temples assemble at this temple. There is a spectacular display of about thirty gorgeously decorated elephants. The traditional percussion music, Panchari melam and Pandimelam, performed by the drummers excite every one.
Sree Krishna Temple, Guruvayoor
Guruvayoor is one of the most popular pilgrimage destinations in South India. It is well connected by rail and road to Trichur and hence to the rest of the country. Guruvayoor enshrines the youthful form of Krishna. This is a temple rich in legend, tradition and festivals.
Legend has it that Guru - the preceptor of Gods (Brihaspati) and Vaayu the wind God established this temple. Legend has it that this image was originally worshipped by Bhrama and gifted to Vishnu who retained it with him at Dwarka during his Krishnavataram. At the brink of destruction of Dwarka, Krishna instructed Uddhava to seek Vayu's and Guru's help to find a safe haven for the image. Accordingly Guru and Vayu installed this image at Guruvayur, on one side of a lotus lake, on the other side of which was a shrine to Shiva and Parvati.
It is believed that worshipping here relieves people of bodily ailments. Legend has it that Janamejaya, son of Parikshit was cured of leprosy upon installing the image of Krishna and worshipping here. Yet another legend has it that a Pandya King was cured of a snake bite while worshipping here
History: The famous work Naaraayaneeyam - authored in the 16th century was composed in the presence of the presiding deity here, and its author is believed to have been cured of an incurable bout of arthritis. At the time of the political turmoil that prevailed during the period of Tippu Sultan, the image of Krishna was taken to Ambalapuzha for safety and worshipped there for a period of 2 years. It was then brought back in 1789.
The mandala ulsavam is celebrated for a period of 41 days towards the end of each calendar year. The annual ulsavam or festival is celebrated in the month of Kumbha, and this festival concludes with an elephant race.
Legend has it that Guru - the preceptor of Gods (Brihaspati) and Vaayu the wind God established this temple. Legend has it that this image was originally worshipped by Bhrama and gifted to Vishnu who retained it with him at Dwarka during his Krishnavataram. At the brink of destruction of Dwarka, Krishna instructed Uddhava to seek Vayu's and Guru's help to find a safe haven for the image. Accordingly Guru and Vayu installed this image at Guruvayur, on one side of a lotus lake, on the other side of which was a shrine to Shiva and Parvati.
It is believed that worshipping here relieves people of bodily ailments. Legend has it that Janamejaya, son of Parikshit was cured of leprosy upon installing the image of Krishna and worshipping here. Yet another legend has it that a Pandya King was cured of a snake bite while worshipping here
History: The famous work Naaraayaneeyam - authored in the 16th century was composed in the presence of the presiding deity here, and its author is believed to have been cured of an incurable bout of arthritis. At the time of the political turmoil that prevailed during the period of Tippu Sultan, the image of Krishna was taken to Ambalapuzha for safety and worshipped there for a period of 2 years. It was then brought back in 1789.
The mandala ulsavam is celebrated for a period of 41 days towards the end of each calendar year. The annual ulsavam or festival is celebrated in the month of Kumbha, and this festival concludes with an elephant race.
St. Joseph’s Church , Pavaratty
The feast of this church which is celebrated in the name of St. Joseph , calls on the 22nd day after Easter
Sree Rudhira Mahakali Kavu ( Uthralikavu) Vadakancherry
This temple is located high on the hills at Parithipara, 2 kms from Vadakancherry on the Shornur route. The annual festival " Uthralikavu Pooram" is one of the most famous festivals in Central Kerala. Grand elephant processions add colour to the festival. On the last day, 21 majestically decorated elephants line up to the rhythmic accompaniment of Panchavadyam and Pandimelam. The elephants go around the shrine, accompanied by thousands of devotees. The atmosphere gets charged with their spiritual chantings.The elephant parade is repeated at night under the flames of Theevetti and it lasts till dawn. Many religious and cultural art forms are performed as part of the festival
St. Mary’s Church , Koratty
The church is locally known as ‘Koratty Muthi ‘s Church ‘. It is an old Catholic Church build in honor of St.Mary .The most important festival here is conducted during the second week of October .
Triprayar (Pilgrim Centre)
25 kms away from Thrissur, is a Rama Temple at Triprayar, which features architecture similar to the Vadakkumnathan Temple.
Vadakkumnathan Temple
It is in the heart of Thrissur town. The famous 'Thrissur Pooram' takes place here every year. It is believed that the founder of Vadakumnatha temple is 'Parasurama'. The temple hase has four 'gopuras' and a big compound wall. These are built in Kerala Architectural style. The carvings on the wall of the temple are of high artistic values.
MUSEUMS
Archaeological Museum / Art Museum / Zoo, Thrissur
The Archaeological Museum was until recently accommodated in the Thrissur Town Hall building. Now it has been shifted to the Kollengode Palace, an architectural delight. The majestic building houses a gallery of murals from all over Kerala and preserves a rare treasure of Veerakallu, temple models, olagrandhangal (manuscripts on dry palm leaves), megaliths etc.
Veerakallu or herostones are stone engravings and sculptures of figures and weapons belonging to the heroes of days gone by. Most of these were recovered from the forests of Wayanad and Thrissur.
The megalith collection includes earthen pots, urns etc. The temple models cast in plaster of Paris are excellent representations of the ancient temples in the State.
Getting there:
Nearest railway station : Thrissur
Nearest airport : Cochin International Airport, about 58 km to the south.
Veerakallu or herostones are stone engravings and sculptures of figures and weapons belonging to the heroes of days gone by. Most of these were recovered from the forests of Wayanad and Thrissur.
The megalith collection includes earthen pots, urns etc. The temple models cast in plaster of Paris are excellent representations of the ancient temples in the State.
Getting there:
Nearest railway station : Thrissur
Nearest airport : Cochin International Airport, about 58 km to the south.
CULTURAL CENTRES
Kerala Kalamandalam
Cheruthuruthy is famous as a seat of the Kerala Kalamandalam founded by the Poet Sri.Vallathol Narayana Menon, to encourage the study of the ancient arts of Kerala such as Kathakali and Mohiniyattom. Presently the Kerala Kalamandalam is functioning at Vallathol Nagar, with its new building complex and Natyagraha.Kerala Kalamandalam was the first institutional step in the cultural history of Kerala to start training in classical performing arts which were so far left to the patronage of provincial kings and land lords. The artists, especially the KATHAKALI artists, were in general the aesthetic victims of the society. With the establishment of Kalamandalam the social and cultural emancipation of traditional artists became a reality.
Kerala Sahithya Academy
Kerala Sahitya Academy was established on August 15, 1956. It aims at the development of Malayalam Language and Literature and works in co-operation with the Kerala Sahitya Academy in New Delhi. There is a good library attached to the Academy consisting of 2 sections the General Section & the Research Section.
Kerala Lalitha Kala Academy
This was established in 1962, the aim of the Academy is to promote the sculpture, painting and visual arts.
Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Academy
It is also located in town and was established on April 12, 1938. Its aim is to foster and develop Kerala Dance, Drama and Music and to promote through the cultural unity of Kerala. It works in close collaboration with the Kendra Sangeetha Nataka Academy in New Delhi for the enrichment of Indian culture. A regional theatre is constructed in Thrissur with all modern facilities.
Institute of Mural Painting
An institute for the traditional Kerala mural painting is at Kizhakke Nada of Guruvayur Temple gives coaching in Mural painting in the traditional gurukula pattern. It is started under Guruvayur Deveswom in the month of July 1989, provides five year National Diploma Course in Fine Arts.
Institute of Mural Painting
An institute for the traditional Kerala mural painting is at Kizhakke Nada of Guruvayur Temple gives coaching in Mural painting in the traditional gurukula pattern. It is started under Guruvayur Deveswom in the month of July 1989, provides five year National Diploma Course in Fine Arts.
Appan Tampuran Smarakam
Established in 1976 at Ayyanthole where Sri.Ramavarma Appanthampuran who lived the Kumarapuram Palace. This is also a sahthya-samskarika Museum
Unnayi Warrier smaraka Kalanilayam
For the memorial of Unnayi Warrier and Regd in December 7, 1955 for the publicity and encouragement of Kathakali
Mudassery Smarakam
Established in 24th September 1983 in Memory of Sri.Joseph Mundassery, aimed to promote thoughts of Sri.Mundassery in cultural, literature subjects
School of Drama
This was established at Aranattukara in the year 1977. The institution conducts a three year course in Bachelor of Theatre Arts Director, Acting, Children's Theatre etc., are the subjects which are being taught here. The founder director is Sri.G.Sankarapillai.
PLACES TO INTERESTS
Punnathur Kotta Elephant Santuary
Location : 2 km from the Guruvayoor Sree Krishna Temple, Thrissur District.
Visiting hours : 9:30 am to 5:30 pm.
Over forty elephants are groomed at the Punnathur kotta ( kotta means 'fort'). Many elephants are brought as ritual offering to the temple. You can spend a whole day with these huge mammals here.
Watching the naughty baby elephants' playful antics is an entertaining experience. The place provides you an opportunity to watch how the sick elephants are medically treated in the traditional manner. One can also watch the training given to the elephants for various ritualistic performances.
Remember you are in the land where people worship the elephant-faced god Lord Ganapathy. Grooming elephants was considered a status symbol. With the decay of the joint family system, supporting elephants became a financial burden for many families. Gradually various temple managements took the charge of looking after these animals. Anyhow, even today elephants play a key role in Kerala's fairs and festivals.
Getting there: Guruvayoor is about 32 km from Thrissur town.
Nearest railway station: Guruvayoor station is at a walkable distance from the shrine.
Nearest airport: Cochin International Airport, about 58 km from Thrissur town
Visiting hours : 9:30 am to 5:30 pm.
Over forty elephants are groomed at the Punnathur kotta ( kotta means 'fort'). Many elephants are brought as ritual offering to the temple. You can spend a whole day with these huge mammals here.
Watching the naughty baby elephants' playful antics is an entertaining experience. The place provides you an opportunity to watch how the sick elephants are medically treated in the traditional manner. One can also watch the training given to the elephants for various ritualistic performances.
Remember you are in the land where people worship the elephant-faced god Lord Ganapathy. Grooming elephants was considered a status symbol. With the decay of the joint family system, supporting elephants became a financial burden for many families. Gradually various temple managements took the charge of looking after these animals. Anyhow, even today elephants play a key role in Kerala's fairs and festivals.
Getting there: Guruvayoor is about 32 km from Thrissur town.
Nearest railway station: Guruvayoor station is at a walkable distance from the shrine.
Nearest airport: Cochin International Airport, about 58 km from Thrissur town
Vadakkumnatha Temple
It is in the heart of Thrissur town. The famous 'Thrissur Pooram' takes place here every year. It is believed that the founder of Vadakumnatha temple is 'Parasurama'. The temple hase has four 'gopuras' and a big compound wall. These are built in Kerala Architectural style. The carvings on the wall of the temple are of high artistic values.
Kerala Kalamandalam
This important academy of arts 32km north-east of Trissur at Cheruthuruthy was founded in 1930 by the late poet Vallathol Narayana Menon and his associate Manakkulam Mukunda Raja.
Triprayar
This is famous for the temple of Sri Rama located on the banks of the Triprayar river. Its architecture is similar to that of the Vadakkumnatha Kshathram
St. Thomas Church
The original St. Thomas Church, a stone and wooden construction, was established in 1845 and dedicated to St. George Foraine.
Peechi- Vazhani Wild life Sanctuary
This large dam in the Western Ghats, 20km east of Trissur, provides the ares's drinking water while the attached sanctuary offers protection for animals
Athirappally Water falls
This 80" high waterfall at the threshold of the Sholayar ranges is a popular picnic spot. DreamWorld and SilverStorm - Amusement parks - are located nearby. DTPC has a unit to cater the needs of tourists. 62 Kms south of Trichur, east of chalakkudy and very near to the entrance of Sholayar forest ranges are the beautiful water falls namely Athirappally and Vazhachal, which are 5 kms apart.
VazhachalL
Just a short drive from Athirapilly is close to dense forests and a part of the Chalakudy river.
Kerala Forest Research Institute
This institute, estsblished in 1975, undertake research on a range of issues including medical plants, entomology, clonal propagation of plants, disease control and methods for reforestation
Kodungalloor
There is an old harbour. It was the adobe of the ancient Cheraman Maharajas. In olden days it was a Bidhist Centre. The ancient Muslim Mosque and the Devi temple are famous. The temple is famous for its Bharani festival and Bharani songs. Kodungalloor is situated 32 km away from Ernakulam.
Sakthan Thampuran Palace
Named as Vadakkekara Palace, was reconstructed in Kerala-Dutch style in 1795 by Sri.Ramavarma Thampuran of the erstwhile Princely State of Cochin, well as Sakthan Thampuran(Greatest ruler of the Cochin dynasty) is preserved by Archaeological Department.
Chavakkad Beach
A sea shore for rare scenic beauty. Acknowledged as one of the best beaches along the west coast. Unaltered by modernisation and laced on the borders by an array of coconut palms.
Vilangankunnu
Named as Vadakkekara Palace, was reconstructed in Kerala-Dutch style in 1795 by Sri.Ramavarma Thampuran of the erstwhile Princely State of Cochin, well as Sakthan Thampuran(Greatest ruler of the Cochin dynasty) is preserved by Archaeological Department.
Kudakkallu (Umbrella Rock)
These umbrella rocks of Chiramanangad have a history of over four thousand years, here people of aristocratic were cremated earthen ums and umbrella rocks were placed on top as land marks.
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